People, please, if you’re going to speculate on something, then proceed to reply, PLEASE, know of what you speak.
More than one here has speculated that it “hydraulic’d”. Unless a cylinder somehow got filled with fuel, then another cylinder fired, it’s not possible. To hydraulic (lock) a cylinder, it means there is more fuel in the cylinder before the cylinder is at TDC than there is room for when said cylinder reaches TDC. Since liquid nitro can’t be compressed, it hydraulically locks that cylinder from moving.
Detonation on the other hand, is a strong possibility.
Having been the guy running the starter when this happens, I know first hand how dangerous it is. I just happened to be on the opposite side of the engine that grenaded. One guy had his leg cut up pretty good by the copper shrapnel from the head gasket. As near as we could find out, there was a leaking check valve, and one banana clip on one mag ground wasn’t tight. It was still there, but not a good connection.
The explosion was powerful enough to bend a cylinder head a full half inch.